The big 5
5 SAFETY TIPS FOR SURVIVING EARTHQUAKES: 1. Figure out if Earthquakes are common in your area. 2. Put together an emergency kit just in case. 3. During an Earthquake stay away from windows or furniture that can fall over. 4. Find a safe area in your house like under a table or somewhere where debris will not hit you. 5. Prepare for aftershocks, they are quakes that can happen after the earthquakes.
5 SAFETY TIPS FOR SURVIVING TSUNAMIS: 1. If you are on the coast and earthquakes in your area are common then be aware tsunamis can happen where you live. 2. plan an evacuation route to high ground. 3. never stand near shore to watch the tsunami come in. 4. identify danger zones and safe area. 5. stay out of the building if water is still in it, the water can cause the building to collapse.
5 SAFETY TIPS FOR SURVIVING TSUNAMIS: 1. If you are on the coast and earthquakes in your area are common then be aware tsunamis can happen where you live. 2. plan an evacuation route to high ground. 3. never stand near shore to watch the tsunami come in. 4. identify danger zones and safe area. 5. stay out of the building if water is still in it, the water can cause the building to collapse.
The Notes
Type of Volcano
Materials & Description
Mountain with broad, sloping sides and a nearly circular base.
Mauna Loa
Material ejected high into the air to fall back to pile up around the vent.
Izalco
Composite (Stratovolcano)
Layers of volcanic fragments alternate with lava.
Mount St. Helens
Materials & Description
Squeeze and pulls rocks.
Causes rocks to move at right angles.
Surface
Move in two directions as they pass through rock.
- What is the relationship between craters, calderas, vents, and magma? Lava erupts through an opening in the crust called a vent. At the top around the crater. Larger craters are called calderas. Magma goes through all of that.
- What two factors does a volcano’s appearance depend upon? Type of material that forms the volcanoes and type of eruptions that occur.
Type of Volcano
Materials & Description
Mountain with broad, sloping sides and a nearly circular base.
Mauna Loa
Material ejected high into the air to fall back to pile up around the vent.
Izalco
Composite (Stratovolcano)
Layers of volcanic fragments alternate with lava.
Mount St. Helens
- How do the volcanoes compare in terms of size and slope? All volcanoes are different sizes
- What factors cause differences in size and slope? The type of volcanoes
- What is tephra? Rock fragments thrown into the air.
- What is a pyroclastic flow? Sending volcanic ash and gas and tephra down a slope
- Where are most volcanoes found? Along convergent boundaries
- How do hotspots form? From hot regions of the earth’s mantle rising up towards the surface.
- What do hotspots tell us about tectonic plates? When plates move over the hot spots older volcanoes forms.
- What is stress? What is strain? How to they compare and contrast? (make a Venn diagram) forces per unit area acts on a material exceeds the strengths of rocks involved. The deformation of materials caused by stress.
- What are the 3 different types of faults? Describe each.
Materials & Description
Squeeze and pulls rocks.
Causes rocks to move at right angles.
Surface
Move in two directions as they pass through rock.
- How do the focus and the epicenter of earthquakes compare and contrast? Focus is where it originates from. The point on earth’s surface above the focus is the epicenter.
- The greater the distance between “P” and “S” waves on a seismograph the (longer or shorter) distance away from the epicenter. longer
- What is the name of the scale used to measure the energy released during an earthquake? What is the range of the scale? Seismograph or seismometer
- What is the name of the scale used to measure the intensity (damage done) during an earthquake? What is the range of the scale? Richter’s scale
- Describe the damage caused by earthquakes for a level 1, 5, and 10. Level one is not noticeable, level 5 a few things break, level 10 total damage objects flown in the air.